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Assessment of Research and Development Projects in Terms of Income Tax Act
Kolářová, Magdalena ; Osladil, Petr (referee) ; Brychta, Karel (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with evaluating of research and development projects from the viewpoint of income taxes in business corporation. The thesis defines legislation of the problematics. On the basis of acquired knowledge a methodological guide is created. It can be used in business corporation while evaluating research and development projects in accordance with income taxes. In this diploma thesis the chosen research and development projects in existing business corporation are solved by the created methodological guide. Illustrative examples of situations which can appear during realization of research and development projects and its financial impacts on business corporation are given at the end of this thesis.
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Income taxation related to cryptoassets
Mikulecký, Kristián ; Boháč, Radim (advisor) ; Vybíral, Roman (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the legal aspects of income tax for natural and legal persons in contexts which may arise when dealing with cryptoassets of all kinds. The modern phenomenon of cryptoassets has been the subject of much discussion, especially in recent times, but legislation and comprehensive methodologies governing procedure for taxation of income are lacking. Therefore, the main objective of this thesis is to analyse income tax on cryptoassets for natural and legal persons. If we reformulate this objective into a question, it would be: How do we correctly tax income from cryptoassets for natural and legal persons? Within the framework of my thesis, I also had to deal with the technological and legal aspects of cryptoassets and taxes. The concept of a cryptoasset, including its definition and content, is still a matter of debate even now, more than 10 years after its creation. Similarly, it was necessary to analyse the Czech legislation and determine what a cryptoasset is from the point of view of Czech law within the framework of the thesis. By analysing the legislation and professional publications and using the deductive method, I came to the conclusion that the current legal framework in the Czech Republic is sufficient to answer the main question. The most frequent operations with...
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Perpectives of harmonization of direct income taxes within the European Union
Vondráčková, Aneta ; Tomášek, Michal (advisor) ; Bakeš, Milan (referee) ; Forejtová, Monika (referee)
The theme of this dissertation thesis is: The perspectives of harmonization of direct income taxes in the European Union. The reason for choosing this topic was firstly the current issue, which offers a wide scope for research and polemic over new approaches and solutions in the European and international tax law. The European Union is a supranational organization founded on the principle of conferral of powers. The ideas of the approximation of the laws are not only its own, but occur throughout the world community, because thanks to the harmonization of certain legislation the benefits of international trade can maximize. The idea of exclusion from economic cooperation today is practically unrealistic. In the European Union the harmonization of laws is directly related to the development of the internal market. The European Union has a long-term goal to create a market that acts as a market of one country. The instrument of harmonization seeks to eliminate differences in legal systems so as not to impede the implementation of the four fundamental freedoms of the internal market. Taxation is a very specific and also sensitive area. The area of taxation is traditionally perceived as a sovereign expression of state sovereignty. The aim of this thesis is the attempt to find the best solutions how to...
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Recodification of substantive private law and income taxes
Maryško, Lukáš ; Boháč, Radim (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is an analysis of changes in Czech substantive private law resulting from the New Civil Code no. 89/2012 Coll, and the Act on Business Corporations no. 90/2012 Coll., with an impact on tax law as a part of finance law, in particular on regulation of income taxes. The thesis comprises of three parts. In the first one, terminological and material changes contained within the recodification which require amendment of tax legislative are introduced - new terminology of the new private law regulation, new legal institutes and changes in current institutes (e.g. public-benefit persons, extensive notion of a thing or trusts as a separate ownership without legal personality). The second part of the thesis analyses the governmental draft of the Act on Amendment of Tax Legislative in Relation to Recodification of Private Law and on Amendment of Certain Acts and reflection of the recodification in Act no. 586/1992 Coll., on Income Taxes as amended. Institute of public-benefit taxpayers or taxation of income arising in respect of inheritance are examined among other changes. Other amendments not directly related to the recodification (e.g. integration of inheritance and gift taxes or exemption of shares in profit of business corporation from taxation) are also briefly mentioned. Finally, the...
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Assessment of Research and Development Projects in Terms of Income Tax Act
Kolářová, Magdalena ; Osladil, Petr (referee) ; Brychta, Karel (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with evaluating of research and development projects from the viewpoint of income taxes in business corporation. The thesis defines legislation of the problematics. On the basis of acquired knowledge a methodological guide is created. It can be used in business corporation while evaluating research and development projects in accordance with income taxes. In this diploma thesis the chosen research and development projects in existing business corporation are solved by the created methodological guide. Illustrative examples of situations which can appear during realization of research and development projects and its financial impacts on business corporation are given at the end of this thesis.
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Accounting valuation and prices in the Income Tax
Vopalecká, Anna ; Müllerová, Libuše (advisor) ; Zelenková, Marie (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to describe the problems of accounting valuation and issues, connected with prices, which are used for income tax purposes. First there is the issue of accounting valuation with giving emphasis on valuation which is governed by Czech law, because the tax base from income for certain taxpayers is based on the profit or loss in accordance with Czech law. Because of the fact that the Czech methodology is progressively closer to International Financial Reporting Standards some differences will be mentioned between the Czech methodologies and IFRS. The next section explains in detail the prices which are used in accordance with the law on income taxes. In the practical section, some examples will be given to show the difference between the valuation for accounting purposes and income taxes. In conclusion, the analysis of financial statements of corporations reporting according to IFRS there is performed. The aim of this analysis is to find out which valuation method entities prefer, if International Financial Reporting Standards allow a choice between more types of methods.
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Optimizing tax liability of a business entity
Kazdová, Hana ; Kislingerová, Eva (advisor) ; Boháč, Radim (referee)
The Master's thesis is concerned with optimizing the tax costs and tax expenditures of sole proprietor or legal entity businesses. Main objective of this thesis is to introduce the tax cost and tax expenditures, which can be optimized, as widely as possible and to analyze the most important methods of tax optimalization relevant to most business entities. To achieve this objective the thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is focused on a definition of tax, tax system of the Czech republic including more detailed descriptions of income taxes and value added tax, effects of taxation on an enterprise and reasons for tax optimalization related to it and last but not least the thin line between tax avoidance and tax evasion. The practical part introduces through verbal description and practical examples the most important methods of tax optimalization relevant to most business entities, i.e. income tax and value added tax. Finally the thesis deals with international tax planning and methods of cash flow management connected with tax administration.
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Tax issues for theaters
Kolářová, Marie ; POKORNÝ, Jiří (advisor) ; ČUŘÍKOVÁ, Tamara (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the income tax and VAT for non-profit organizations such as theaters. The introductory chapter presents all possible legal forms of operation for a theater. In this context, the changes introduced by the new Civil Code are also taken into account, effective most likely from 1st January 2014. The next two chapters describe the benefits for non-profit organizations as they relate to the income tax and VAT, but also the complicated administrative procedure that is associated with the determination of their tax liability. The goal of this work is to come up with the ideal legal form in terms of income tax and VAT for operators of commercial and non-profit theaters, while taking into account the size of the theatre institution.
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Social Aspect in Income Tax for Selected Households with Children
KOJANOVÁ, Linda
This dissestation deals with an evolution of income tax by families with children since 2005 to 2009. The main aim of the dissertation is to find out if the state has gone down or gone up a tax duty of families with children during 5 years. The mentioned fact will be examined for three model families which have either minimal, average or maximum annual incomes. The state has changed methods of personal income tax calculation three times at a period of five years. Many changes have taken place such as a change of tax calculation structure, a change of non-taxable amounts and tax reliefs which affect a final tax substantially. First of all will be analysed the evolution of payer tax relief, wife tax relief and children tax relief by the model families. The above mentioned tax reliefs I consider for main items which affect the tax duty of families with children.
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